"Upper-middle" is defined as the top third of each state's middle-income range. The threshold runs from roughly $90K to $165K. It's highest across the Northeast, California, Hawaii and Alaska, and lowest through the central states — with Mississippi at the bottom, where median wages sit about 29% below the U.S. median.
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Hampshire and their neighbors set the highest bars — dense, high-wage, high-cost economies push the upper-middle threshold above $150K.
California ($148.8K), Hawaii and Alaska sit near the top — driven by cost of living rather than wages alone. California has the nation's 3rd-highest cost of living.
Central and Southern states have the lowest thresholds. Mississippi anchors the floor at about $97K, with median wages roughly 29% below the U.S. median.
Income thresholds map where premium demand concentrates. High-bar states (Northeast, California) skew toward higher-end goods; lower-threshold states reward value positioning. Pair with U.S. household incomes (atlas-c9) and income left after expenses (atlas-c26).
Source: GOBankingRates analysis of 2024 U.S. Census Bureau data, via Visual Capitalist. "Upper-middle" = top third of each state's middle-income range; thresholds in annual household income.